When was the photocopier invented? A short history of the office copier

Sindoh Malaysia · Updated

The photocopier traces back to 1938, when Chester Carlson made the first electrophotographic copy, a process later called xerography. The first widely successful automatic office copier, the Xerox 914, arrived in 1959. Since then copiers have gone digital, added colour, scanning and networking, and become today’s multifunction printers.

Before copiers

Offices copied documents with carbon paper, stencil duplicators and wet photographic processes. They worked, but were slow, messy or limited to a few copies.

1938: the first xerographic copy

American inventor Chester Carlson made the first copy using static electricity, light and powder in 1938. He called it electrophotography; it became known as xerography, from Greek words for dry writing. It is still the basic principle behind laser printers and copiers.

1959: copiers reach the office

The Xerox 914, launched in 1959, made plain-paper copying quick and easy, and copiers spread through offices worldwide.

From analogue to digital

Later decades brought digital copiers that scan each page into memory, then colour copying, and then networking. Today’s copier is a multifunction printer: it prints from computers and phones, scans to email and folders, and supports security features like card sign-in. Read copier, printer or MFP: the difference.

Where Sindoh fits in

Sindoh is a South Korean company founded in 1960 that makes multifunction printers. Its current A3 colour range includes the D7500 and D5000 Series. Read why Malaysian businesses choose Sindoh.

Quick answers

Who invented the photocopier?

Chester Carlson, an American inventor, made the first xerographic copy in 1938.

What was the first office copier?

The Xerox 914, launched in 1959, is widely recognised as the first successful automatic plain-paper office copier.